Your Ideal Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Your Ideal Family - Essay Example As the term ‘ideal’ implied â€Å"satisfying one’s origination of what is great; most suitable† (Oxford University Press, 2014), for me, a perfect family ought to be adjusted; which means, beside the nearness of the two guardians, kin ought to be in any event two. Be that as it may, due to China’s one kid strategy which was recently commanded as a way to forestall populace blast, my folks clung to the standard. Consequently, being a solitary little girl didn't accommodate my definition and idea of a perfect family. I would have needed in any event one kin to share youth encounters and a typical attach to communicate the adoration, mindful and bolster that I got from my folks. From my own point of view, I emphatically accept that a few powers that influence families incorporate inside and outer powers. Inward powers are the qualities, convictions and methods of reasoning of every relative, as people, that shape one’s character. Obviously, I certify that every individual was brought up in an alternate familial condition which makes encounters and conviction frameworks particular and interesting. In like manner, outer powers that influence families incorporate the political framework, monetary and money related condition, social elements (how individuals inside the network identified with one another), innovative components, and ecological elements. These components have influenced my family. For the social powers, it was underlined that the accompanying elements were noted to influence families: instruction, lodging, business, youth social patterns (Ryan, 2014). For example, inward powers, which were portrayed as the worth frameworks of every one of my parent, have influenced the manner in which I was raised. My dad had been to a greater extent a drill sergeant and displayed a progressively legitimate style. Conversely, my mom is exceptionally popularity based in her child rearing style. Along these lines, there were cases where my dad and mom communicated differentiating sees while in transit to address a few concerns and issues on bringing me or up in taking care of issues. The

Green card para familiar indocumentado de militar (PIP)

Developed and Developing Nations

Developed and Developing Nations Economic Disparity between Developed and Developing Nations Home›Economics Posts›Economic Disparity between Developed and Developing Nations Economics PostsIntroductionEconomic disparity between third world countries and developed nation has been an issue that has raised great concern in the global market for the past few decades. A lot of researches have been done pertaining to this issue with the aim of shading more light so that to contain it from spreading.    According to a report released by World Developmental Report (1999) indicates that also economic indicators reaffirm the economic gap between the affluent and the deprived is a widening at an alarming rate that unless strategic measures are taken to address the issue, the realization of millennium goals and attainment of vision 2030 would remain an illusion in people’s mind.Comparing the per capita income of developing nations in relation to that of developed nations indicates a very large margin. In respect to a re cent report released by World Bank (2010) it states that the per capita income between effluent nations and developing nations has increased by almost 400 %. For instance, Switzerland being a developed nation has a per capita income of about $40,000 which is about 400 times that of Ethiopia which has a per capita income of about $100.In most of the developing nation the living standards of the people is very low compared to the developed nations. Most of the people have no access to education, health care facilities, high population growth rate, high level of poverty and high mortality, just to mention but a few. It is evident enough that about 1.4 billion people in the world live below $1.25 daily. This is below the poverty line according to the World Bank Estimates of (2010).Consequently, poverty line ranges from $1.25 to about $2.00 depending on the country in question. In Kenya about 50% of the entire population lives on less than $1.00 a day, and about 70% of the population on less than $2.00.However, comparing Kenya’s position and Zimbabwe level, it is just dramatic in the sense that about 80% of Zimbabwe population lives less than $0.5 daily due to high level of poverty and inflation in the country.On the other the hand people in the developed nations have a high standard of living with access to good education, health facilities and high per capita income that increases their purchasing power compared to their counterparts in developing nations. But this does not mean that there is no economic disparity among the people living in developed nations. For example, United States of American has the highest income disparity between the poor and the rich. It is estimated that on average the rich earns approximately $94,000 whereas the deprived persons earns only about $600 (Barro, 2000, 56). This is clear indicator that economic disparity manifests itself even in the developed nations.Another issue that has substantially contributed to widening of economic gap between the rich and the poor is the devastating inequality that does exist in a nation or state. Most of the national resources rest on the hands of rulers who represent a small portion of the entire population. This in turn means that the larger population has to share the remaining limited resources in small units thus increasing the economic gap between the two parties. For instance, in South Africa about 20% of the population controls over 70% of the nation’s wealth whereas in Brazil 10% of the population controls 50% of the national wealthy (Ravallion, 2005, 62).But at this point we would like to discuss the confounding factors that contributed to high economic disparity that exists between developing and developed nations. The problems that have made third world countries to lag behind in economic development do not emanate from the social conditions that prevail in the society but they are imposed to them by developed nations (Danny, 1997, 33). As much we can say that globalization has helped in increasing economic growth global through trade and commerce, it has also contributed immensely on economic disparity between the affluent and deprived nations.Developed nations have taken the advantage of globalization to exploit developing nation by formulating policies that are inclined to their favour in return. They also use tariffs and non tariffs measures to either encourage or discourage trade and commerce with other nations. Those goods and services that are manufactured from third world countries are heavily taxed compared to those one from developed nations.  For instance, the tax that is charged on textile products manufactured in Africa and some parts of Asia is four times more than the goods manufactured from the developed nations.This in turn affects the availability of market of these products hence leading to collapsing of companies manufacturing the goods. Most of the developing nations are agricultural based in the sense that they pro duce raw materials that are required by developing nations to manufacture or process products. The developed nations buy the raw materials at a cheap price and after processing the products they transport the manufactured goods back to developing nations for marketing where they sell at a high price compared to the production cost.Dumping is another issue that has contributed to the current state of economic disparity between the developed and developing nations. The developing nations have formed the greatest market share where developed nations can sell their products at profitable prices (Todaro, 2003, 44). They sell their products at a lower cost than the locally produced goods and services that in turn attract more consumers thus increasing the likelihood of these local companies to collapse as a result of lack of market. Most people would prefer to purchase goods from developed nations as they have a conception that developed nations are more civilised than developing nations hence depriving local goods market. A good example is the importation of second hands clothes from developed nations that has led to collapse of textile industries in most nations in Africa.In conclusion the gap between the rich and the poor will continue to widening unless suitable measures are placed in position to contain the situation. Developed nations should be fair on the way they form policies and laws pertaining to international trade that will bear mutual benefits to both of them rather exploiting them. Unless we all join hands to curb the situation the attainment of vision 2030 and realization of millennium goals would remain a dream in the minds of many people.

The Truth Behind The War - 933 Words

â€Å"The Truth Behind the War† As I am reading The Things They Carried by author Tim O’Brien my heart becomes very heavy. The physical and emotional heaviness for the people who dedicate their lives for their country weighed on me. The war has always been a difficult understanding for me, in the sense of why do we need to prepare for war. I began to question if things could be handled differently in our society today. Pictures of what they go through on a daily bases filled my mind; killing people, watching soldiers get killed, missing their families back home, wondering if this will be their last moment, then returning to a world they do not realize anymore. How do you honestly heal from all of the moments? Tim O’Brien gave me and other readers the opportunity to know what the war is really like from the prospective of different fighters. Generally speaking, the thought of the war can be unrealistic, however, the reality of it still remains present. As I am reading the story, I thought about different friends, family and peers who have fought in the war or are becoming active fighters soon. The process is hard to watch, just with them training for upcoming battles, they come out as lost souls. Everything they once knew are different and it becomes challenging on how do you deal it. I was reminded of a saying a close friend of mines always says, â€Å"Latrice until you’ve joined the military you’ll never understand our daily fight and struggles just to stay sane.† I did notShow MoreRelatedThe Truth Behind War Coverage846 Words   |  4 PagesThe Truth Behind War Coverage in the 21st Century In the 90’s, CNN introduced the world to â€Å"live coverage† when they sent journalists to Baghdad to cover the first Gulf War. This was ground breaking journalism that opened several doors in the media industry and there wasn t a journalist that didn’t envy the team of men and women that were sent to Baghdad to report the war. Network stations today have followed suit when it comes to war coverage, to the way that CNN has paved for broadcast mediaRead MoreAnthem For Doomed Youth And Dulce Et Decorum Est By Wilfred Owen1378 Words   |  6 Pagespoet of the first World War, his poetry at the time was considered to be controversial as it revealed the truths behind trench warfare and contradicted popular attitudes at the time. The works of Wilfred Owen, and specifically, the poems of ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ and ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ are both successful in powerfully giving a voice to the soldiers of war and conveying the dark and inex tricable truth behind war provoking the reader to consider ideas about how this truth is told, rather thanRead MorePatrick Henry Speech Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagessoon bring them together with war on the rise. â€Å"Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death† has become the battle-cry to the people in the colonies to take a stand against Britain’s rule and make America their own country. Even after the attempted peace between the two countries, it has been exhausted to the breaking point, and it has come to the time where fighting for their own freedom is the only viable option. Henry’s speech spoke volumes to the American people of the truth, the false presence of peaceRead MoreSocial Determinism And Its Power Over People s Perception Of The Truth1365 Words   |  6 Pagesdifficult to decipher the actual meaning behind the story. In Tim O’Brien’s â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story,† this is the case as he demonstrates the influence of storytell ers’ tone and the mood they create on people’s understanding of a moral in a story. By the same token, in Malcom Gladwell’s â€Å"Power of Context† and Karen Ho’s â€Å"Biographies of Hegemony,† the two authors explain the ideology of social determinism and its power over people’s perception of the truth. The power of inducements play a big roleRead MorePoetry Explication : Dulce Et Decorum Est1039 Words   |  5 Pagesreaders the shock of war. Owen was writing this to prove that people will always lie and be lied to. This is shown as Owen writes, â€Å"The old Lie† (27). He calls it a Lie, capitalizing the L to emphasise just how gut-wrenching the lie is, and how lies fill people’s lives, destroy what is built. Furthermore, the topic of war is not only because it is interesting to write and read about, but because war is like a lie. Lies are the beginnings of wars, causing a war when the truth becomes evident to bothR ead MorePros And Cons Of Bosnian Genocide1643 Words   |  7 PagesOften, there is conflict amongst states that escalates, eventually, into war. With these wars, comes death and immense devastation; devastation that takes form in many ways. The worst of them are the human rights violations that occur, leaving behind a pain that is often rarely treated or addressed. Through the approach, transitional justice, victims of these horrible crimes against humanity have a system that allows them to seek some form of justice. Focus on the Bosnian genocide will allow forRead MoreReassessing the Impacts of ‘WikiLeaks and the Iraq War Logs’ 621 Words   |  3 Pages‘WikiLeaks and the Iraq War Logs’ had shocked the population across the globe, leaving a tragic imprint in our minds from the 400,000 classified logs. Bradley Manning, the leaker, wanted to ‘change the world for the better’. However, the word ‘better’ have caused unlimited questio ns to be raised, which allowed us to reassess the impact it had put out into the world. Views were varied through different perceptions, whether it was better or worst for the society. Nonetheless, in order to judge theRead MoreMohandas Gandhis Struggl for India’s Independence Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagescontinuously fasted for long periods to protest the autocratic laws, he â€Å"was after truth rooted in devotion to God and attributed the turning points, successes, and challenges in his life to the will of God† (BiographyBase) (Brain Bruya. Amazon.com, Inc.). Therefore, the world honors Gandhi because of his great perseverance and dedication, which he expressed through his usages of nonviolence and his constant search of truth. As Gandhi worked towards the goal, his perseverance and dedication deeplyRead MoreShoe Horn Sonata Distinctive Visual Essay example856 Words   |  4 Pagestexts use a variety of techniques to convey the experiences during the war. In John Misto’s 1996 play ‘The Shoe-Horn Sonata’ which is about women nurses enduring Japanese POW camps, such distinctive experiences as power and survival are shown through techniques like lighting, projecting image, sound, symbols, dialogue and body language. In Kenneth Slessor’s 1942 poem ‘Beach Burial’ he also comments about survival in war and the power in distinctively visual ways through particular wordsRead MoreInnocent Sympathy At Home By Wilfred Owen1262 Words   |  6 PagesInnocent admiration at home. A war on the Western Front. Men dying in the trenches without the comfort of their deserved Christian burial. Others sit by panicked and shell-shocked, watching as their comrades die in the dirt. Others feel nothing—they do not notice. They do not even notice their own rotting feet anymore. War and destruction that broke the lives of too many innocent young men. Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori. â€Å"Sweet and fitting it is to die for your fatherland† (Damrosch 2160)

Breast Cancer Of The United States Of America - 997 Words

â€Å"In 2015, there are more than twenty-eight million women with a history of breast cancer in the United States of America. This Includes women currently being treated and women who have finished treatment. – BreastCancer.Orgâ€Å" Breast cancer has taking over many people bodies, also lives. Anybody can get breast cancer from man to women. Cancer doesn’t have to be in your family history for you to get it. Breast Cancer is made up of glands also known as lubes. In a women breast the small tubes (lobules) carry milk to the nipples (ducts) . Breast cancer begins in the cells that are in the in the ducts. It can also start in other cells of the breast tissues. There is a pathway in the breast called lymph. Lymph causes the cancer to spread throughout the breast. The vessels that carry clear fluid instead of blood connect lymph. Most men think just they don’t have breast they can not get breast cancer, but men are at low risk of getting breast cancer. The risk for men getting breast cancer is one out one thousand. About 2,350 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed. About 440 men will die from breast cancer. – American Cancer Society In order for a man to become in contact with breast cancer it has to be in his gene’s. They have to inherit through their Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) in order to get breast cancer; otherwise men cannot get breast cancer. Breast Cancer is the second most common cancer in women other skin cancer. â€Å"Every yearShow MoreRelatedBreast Cancer : The Most Common Form Of Cancer937 Words   |  4 PagesBreast Cancer is the most common form of cancer found in women in the United states and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Although it is more common in women, men can also develop breast cancer as it forms through cells in the breast. As stated by the cancer center of America â€Å"The milk-producing ducts and glands are the two most likely areas to develop cancerous cells.† This is why it is most common in females, as males lack the ducts and glands that women have making them moreRead MorePaper On Breast Cancer1365 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Cancer of the breast is the most common type of non-skin cancer affecting women. It also comes second after lung cancer in the number of deaths among the African-American population in 2017; the American Cancer Society estimated that there would be approximately 252,710 new cases of breast cancer which is considered invasive that will be diagnosed in the United States. More so, nearly 63,410 new cases of (CIS) carcinoma in situ will be detected, and approximately 40,610 women will departRead MoreBreast Cancer : Cancer And Cancer Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesBreast cancer is a carcinoma that develops due to malignant cells in the breast tissue. Cancerous cells are more likely to produce in the milk-producing ducts and the glands, ductal carcinoma, but in rare cases, breast cancer can develop in the stromal, fatty, tissues or surrounding lymph nodes, especially in the underarm (Breast Cancer). For women, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the 2nd leading cause o f cancer death – behind skin cancer. While treatment or surgeries canRead MoreSports Marketing By Sam Fullerton1582 Words   |  7 Pagesthe sponsor. For sports, I will be looking at the NBA as the sponsee and Pepsi Co as the new food and beverage sponsor. According to an article in Fortune Magazine titled â€Å"PepsiCo nabs NBA sponsorship rights from Coca-Cola† by Beth Kowitt. She states, the terms or the duration are not being disclosed, but the deal is worth significantly more than the previous deal with Coca-Cola. The new agreement also covers the WNBA, NBA Development League, and USA Basketball. Tingyi, PepsiCo’s partner in ChinaRead MoreBreast Cancer Community Resources Essay887 Words   |  4 Pages Breast cancer is the predominant form of cancer diagnosed in America women, second only to skin cancer and the primary cause of cancer deaths, surpassed only by lung cancer. Approximations suggest that one in eight women in the United States will develop invasive breast cancer during the course of their life (American Cancer Society, 2013). As with any disease, a diagnosis of breast cancer can be tremend ously challenging and freighting experience not only during the time of treatment and postRead More Stem Cell Research and Breast Cancer Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Breast cancer is a disturbing reality for many women in the United States today. One out of every eight women will acquire breast cancer in her life time. Forty-thousand women were expected to die just last year alone from breast cancer and over 276,000 women have been diagnosed with new cases of breast cancer since 2003. Breast cancer is the leading cancer detected among Caucasian and African American women in the United States today. Swift action must be taken to eradicate breast cancer in AmericaRead MoreThe Topic Of Breast Cancer Treatments924 Words   |  4 Pagesand argue the topic of breast cancer treatments. Breast cancer can be found in both women and men, and affects millions of lives a year. There are many treatment options for breast cancer such as radiation, lumpectomy, and mast ectomy; however, many people are starting to choose not to undergo any treatment. A Mastectomy is when a person has their entire breast removed, and a lumpectomy is when only the tumor cell and some of the surrounding tissue is removed from the breast. If a person chooses toRead MoreCompare and Contrast Tumor Suppressor Genes and Proto-Oncogenes1341 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment of a novel therapy that is being used in the treatment of human cancer. Cancer known in medicine as a malignant neoplasm is one of the biggest killers worldwide. In 2007, cancer caused roughly 13% (7.9 million) of the planet’s deaths (Jemal, 2011). This will more greatly affect an aging society such as ours in years to come, and yet it is already the foremost cause of death in the developed world. The main reason cancer causes so many fatalities the body’s inability to mount an effective responseRead MoreThe American Association Of Nurses907 Words   |  4 PagesBased on my personal research and reflection, I have identified American Public Health Association, an association of public health professionals in the United States and other professionals from health related fields. This association comprise of environmentalists, nurses, doctors, dentists and many other professionals. However, there is more clarity about nurses in the public sector. The American Association of nurses is one of the largest groups registered by APHA. I therefore, choose nurses asRead MoreSports Marketing By Sam Fullerton Essay1394 Words   |  6 Pagesfor the sponsor. For sports is will be looking at the NBA as the sponsee and its new food and beverage sponsor Pepsi Co. According to an article in Fortune Magazine titled â€Å"PepsiCo nabs NBA sponsorship rights from Coca-Cola â€Å"by Beth Kowitt. She states, the terms or the duration are not being disclosed, but the deal is worth significantly more than the previous deal with Coca-Cola. The new agreement also covers the WNBA, NBA Development League, and USA Basketball. Tingyi, PepsiCo’s partner in China

Case Studies for Management Free Essays

string(107) " employee in the Accounts Section and monitor carefully whether they are meeting the standards set by you\." While examples of guaranteed payment exist, the length ND size of the payments is considered uncommon. In 2005, the CEO received his guaranteed bonus while the amount of money allotted to the non-salaried employee bonus program decreased by 50 percent. Questions: 1 . We will write a custom essay sample on Case Studies for Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now How does expected performance relate to the current business outlook? 2. What are the results that need to be achieved In the short and long term? 3. Is senior management prepared to support and communicate this program or issue? 4. Are compensation committee members/board of director members familiar with similar programs or issues? . Has the compensation committee/board of directors reviewed animal compensation programs or Issues In the past? ENRON CORP. In the late sass and into 2001, Enron Corp.. Provided its executives with compensation packages that included equity stakes in business units. Although many companies use equity In rewards programs, the amounts provided to Enron executives were unusually large (greater than 5 percent) and not tied to long-term performance because executives were allowed to convert their equity into either than $310 million by converting equity stakes into cash. In addition to the equity stakes, Enron rewarded two executives large cash bonuses of $54 million and $42 million. The chairman/chief executive of a subsidiary allegedly received a 20-percent stake in his unit, thus becoming a minority owner. He eventually converted his stake into more than $20 million in cash before leaving the company. The executive’s stake, however, was not listed on any company’s proxy filings, despite the fact that the stake diluted the value of the shareholders’ investments. 1 . Are there particular communities/social or political activists that will react to this plan? 2. To what extent do you want to match or differ from market pay practices? 3. Do you know what financial constraints may affect program design? 4. Has your accounting division reviewed this program design from an accounting treatment perspective? 5. What are the results that need to be achieved in the short and long term? Case #28 KGB HOME The CEO of KGB Home departed in 2006 after an internal investigation revealed that he had backdated his own stock options. The company’s internal investigation indicated that the CEO and head of HER had probably altered the dates of stock option grants between 1998 and 2005. As a result of the backdating, the company indicated a need to restate more than three years of financial results and incur an additional compensation expense of more than $41 million. Despite the scandal and ongoing investigation at the time of his departure, the terms of the Coo’s employment agreement provided him with the ability to collect as much as $175 million in severance, pension and stock. Because of the backdated options scandal, the company adopted a new policy that all stock option grants and the terms of the grants be approved by the compensation committee. The company also appointed a nonconsecutive chairman of the board, a chief compliance officer, and did not grant any stock options to executives in 2006. 1 . To what extent is the legal department involved in compensation planning, design, administration and disclosure? 2. Is the legal department comfortable with this design in the current legal/regulatory environment? 3. What is the likely perspective population perceive this program as fair? 5. How and when will you disclose this plan to shareholders? Case #29 WALT DISNEY CO. In 2003, Walt Disney Co. Warehouses filed a lawsuit relating to the $140 million severance package paid to the former the president. Shareholders contended that the directors knowingly or intentionally â€Å"breached their fiduciary duty of due care in approving (the president’s) employment agreement,† and failed to consider the terms f the termination ? which was allegedly negotiated exclusively by the CEO. Although the court agreed with shareho lders that the CEO had exclusively negotiated the deal and orchestrated the president’s hire without input from the board of directors, it found that neither he nor the other directors breached their fiduciary duty. The court did, however, â€Å"criticize the members of the compensation committee for not doing more to inform themselves of the terms of Vita’s employment agreement and to become involved in the review and approval process. 1 . What is the process for developing responses and communicating with Warehouses? 2. To what degree does the compensation philosophy align with corporate strategy, culture and organizational resources? 3. What are shareholder expectations about your compensation programs and how do they affect program design? 4. Is senior management prepared to support and communicate this program or issue? . Tools and processes are in place to support compensation committee decision making (e. G. , tally sheets)? Between 2000 and 2002 World CEO Bernard Beers obtained unsecured loans amounting to 20 percent of the firm’s cash, allegedly at interest rates well below the market rates for large margin loans. Upon leaving the organization, Beers still owed $408 milli on. World subsequently entered bankruptcy and the share price dropped dramatically. Beers was then unable to pay back the loan by selling his shares, as he had allegedly planned. If the compensation committee had secured the loans, Beers’ shares might have been seized in order to sell them to cover the loan when the stock price was still high enough to do so. 1 . Do you have the necessary systems to operational and administer this program? 2. Are there key stakeholders or influences (HER, legal, tax) that need to be part of the program development process? . Is your finance/accounting department prepared to support any special reporting requirements for this program? 4. What is the role of finance/accounting in plan design? . What is the company’s position on appropriate level of transparency (disclosing more than is required, simplification of written communications)? Case #31 Is Raja in needs of Remedial Training? Raja Sahara has been employed for six months in the accounts section of a large manufacturing company in Abridged. You have been his supervisor for the past three months. Recently you have been asked by the management to find out the intrusions of each employee in the Accounts Section and monitor carefully whether they are meeting the standards set by you. You read "Case Studies for Management" in category "Management" A few days back you have completed your formal investigation and with the exception of Raja, all seem to be meeting the targets set by you. Along with numerous errors, Raja’s work is characterized by low performance – often he does 20 percent less than the other clerks in the department. As you look into Raja’s performance review sheets again, you begin to wonder 1 . As Raja’s supervisor can you find out whether the poor performance is due to poor training or to some other cause? . If you find Raja has been inadequately trained, how do you go about introducing a remedial training programmer? . If he has been with the company six months, what kind of remedial programmer would be best? 4. Should you supervise him more closely? Can you do this without making it obvious to him and his co-workers? 5. Should you discuss the situation with Raja? Case #32 SONS AND ARPA COMPANY The Sons and ARPA Company manufactured wooden toys of various kinds; wooden animals, pul l toys, and the like. One part of the manufacturing process involved spraying paint on the partially assembled toys. This operation was staffed entirely by women. The toys were cut, sanded and partially assembled in the wood room. Then they were dipped into shellac, following which they were painted. The toys were predominantly two colored; a few were made in more than two colors. Each color required an additional trip through the paint room. For a number of years, production of these toys had been entirely and work. However, to meet the tremendously increase in demand, the painting operation had recently been re- engineered so that the eight operators (all women) who did the painting sat in a line by an endless chain of hooks. Those hooks were in continuous motion, past the line of operators and into a long horizontal oven. Each woman sat at her own painting booth so designed as to carry away fumes and to backstop excess paint. The operator would take a toy from the tray beside her, position it in a Gig inside the painting cubicle, spray on the color according to a pattern, then release the toy and hand it to the hook passing by. The rate at which the hooks moved has been calculated by the engineers so that each hook before it passed beyond her reach. The operators working in the pain room were on a group bonus plan. Since the operation was new to them, they were, receiving a learning bonus, which decreased by regular amounts each month. The learning bonus was scheduled to vanish in six months, by which time it was expected that they would be on their own, that is, able to meet the standard and to earn a group bonus when they exceeded it. By the second month of the training period. Trouble had developed. The employees learned more slowly than had been anticipated, and it began to look as though their production would stabilize complained that they were going by too fast, and that the time study man had set the rates wrong. A few women quit and had to be replaced with new operators, which further aggravated the learning problem. The team spirit that the management had expected to develop automatically through the group bonus was not in evidence except as an expression of what the engineers called â€Å"resistance†. One woman whom the group regarded as its -leader (and the management regarded as the ring-leader) was outspoken by voicing the various complaints of the group before the foreman; the Job was messy one, the hooks moved too fast, the incentive pay was not being correctly calculated, and it was too hot working so close to the drying oven. A consultant who was brought into this picture worked entirely with and through the foreman. After many conversations with him, the foreman felt that the first step should be to get the employees together for a general discussion of the working conditions. He took this step with some hesitation, but he took on his own volition. The first meeting, held immediately after the shift was over at four o’clock in the afternoon was attended by all the eight operators. They voiced the same complaints again: the hook sent by too fast, the Job was too dirty, the room was hot and poorly ventilated. For some reason, it was this last item that they complained of most. The foreman promised to discuss the problem of ventilation and temperature with the engineers, and he scheduled a second meeting to report back to the employees. In the next few days the foreman had several talks with the engineers. They and the superintendent felt that this was really a trumped-up complaint, and that expense of any effective corrective measure would be prohibitively high. The foreman came to the second meeting with some apprehensions. The operators, however, did not seem to be much put out, perhaps because they had a proposal of their own to make. They let that if several large fans were set up so as to circulate the air around their feet, they would be much more comfortable. After some discussion, the foreman agreed that the idea might be tried out. The foreman and the consultant discussed the question of the fans with the superintendent, and three large propeller-type fans were purchased. The fans were brought in. The women were Jubilant. For several days the fans were moved about in various positions until they were placed to the satisfaction of the group. The operators seemed completely satisfied with the results, and the relations between them and the foreman improved visibly. The foreman, after this encouraging episode; decided that further meetings might also be profitable. He asked the operators if they would like to meet and discuss other aspect of the work situation. They were eager to do this. The meeting was held, and the discussion quickly centered on the speed of the hooks. The operators maintained that the time study man had them at an unreasonably fast speed and that they would never be able to reach the goal of filling enough of them to make a bonus. The turning point of the discussion came when the group’s leader frankly explained that he point wasn’t that they couldn’t work fast enough to keep up with the hooks, but they couldn’t work at that pace all the day long. The foreman explored the point. The employees were unanimous in their opinion that they could keep up with the belt for short periods if they wanted to. But they didn’t want because if they showed they could do this for short periods they would be expected to do it all day long. The faster or slower depending on how we feel†. The foreman agreed to discuss this with the superintendent and the engineers. The reaction of the engineers to the suggestion was negative. However, after several meetings it was granted that there was some latitude within which variations in the speed of the hooks would not affect the finished product. After considerable argument with the engineers, it was agreed to tryout the operators’ idea. With misgiving?, the foreman had a control with a dial marked ‘low, medium, fast’ installed at the booth of the group leader; she could now adjust the speed of the belt anywhere between the lower and upper limits that the engineers had set. The operators were delighted and spent many lunch hours deciding how the speed of the belt should be varied from hour to hour throughout he day. Within a week the pattern had settle down to one which the first half-hour of the shift was run on what the operators called a ‘medium’ speed (a dial setting slightly above the point marked ‘medium’). The next two-and-a-half hours were run at ‘high’ speed the half-hour before lunch and half hour after lunch were run at ‘low’ speed. The rest of the afternoon was run at ‘high speed’ with the exception of the last 45 minutes of the shift, which was run at ‘medium’. In view of the operators’ reports of satisfaction and ease in work, it is interesting to note that the constant speed at which ,the engineers has originally set the belt was slightly below medium on the dial of the control that had been given to the women. The average speed at which they were running the belt was on the high side of the dial. Few, if any empty hooks entered the oven, and inspection showed no increase of rejects from the paint room. Production increased, and within 2 weeks (some 2 months before the scheduled ending of the learning bonus) the operators were operating at 30 to 50 per cent above the level that had been expected under the original arrangement. Naturally their earnings were correspondingly higher than anticipated. They were collecting their base pay, a considerable piece-rate bonus, and the learning bonus which, it will be remembered, had been set to decrease with time and not as a function of current productivity. The operators were earning more than many skilled workers in other parts of the plant. 1 . From the angle of Job enrichment, which core Job dimension or Job characteristic was most influenced by new system of group regulated speed? Evaluate the reported success of the case against the principles of Job Enrichment. 2. Comment on the method of payment to the operators. How good do you think such a system is? 3-4. Would you consider the initial discontent of the operators as a grievance? Why or why not? 5. How would you characterize the involvement of the operators after the introduction of group-regulated speed? OLD ORDER CHANGED? Modern Industries Limited (MIL) in Bangor is an automobile ancillary industry. The company started manufacturing automotive components over two decades ago in a small way and has grown steadily over the years, employing over 4,000 persons at present with the turnover exceeding RSI. 100 scores. Its products are selling well and earning a sizeable amount of profits. The company is controlled and managed by an industrialist family. Known for their shrewdness and business acumen. They are among the first generation industrialists who started their industrial ventures in a modest way, during the early phase of industrialization in the country and along with the growth of automotive industry, MIL also grew up. The present Chairman, Mr.. Surest Shah had been with the company right from its inception; He started his career as an engineer trainee, rose to the position of the Managing Director and in 1983 became the company’s Chairman. As a result, he is acquainted with every minute detail and also with every employee who has been in the company for long. He continues to keep in close touch with them and is easily accessible to all of them, overruling hierarchy. A high premium is placed on their loyalty and their long services are valued. The Chairman of the company firmly believes that each one of them has contributed significantly towards the growth of the company. In the light of the fact that the company maintained a â€Å"strong utilitarian culture† all along, the contribution of each and every employee had to be substantial and they were rewarded accordingly. At the same time, there were many instances, where the services were terminated due to inadequate performance. Mr.. Kandahar Taker owned MIL as a training instructor, over two decades ago. Prior to that, he served as an instructor at an Industrial Training Institute. He had himself obtained the craft instructors’ certificate from IT’. He was 35 years old and his main task was to recruit young persons as trainees, either under the Apprentices Act or as company trainees and then train them as craftsmen. Most of these trainees were absorbed to meet the growing needs of the company, and Mr.. Shah used to personally involve himself in the process of recruitment and training of craftsmen. Mr.. Taker was directly reporting to Mr.. Shah, despite the vast gap in the hierarchy. Mr.. Taker was promoted to the rank of training Superintendent in 1980, though there was not much change in his Job content. The growing phase of the company was practically over by that time, and the Apprentice training became a mere statutory activity. The company did not have the vacancies to absorb the trained apprentices, and therefore, Me. Became a subsidiary activity and was not given much importance. The winds of change were blowing through MIL also. Mr.. Nail Shah, the son of the founder industrialist took over as the Managing Director of MIL in 1983, whereas Mr.. Rammers Shah continued to be the Chairman of the company. The young MD was full of new ideas. He wanted to revivalist the company from all aspects and diversify into high technology areas. He wanted to modernize the present plant and change the management style from the traditional direct control approach to a systems controlled approach. A modern computer was bought and computerizing was introduced. The company had to face many problems while introducing these changes. One of the major hurdles was the problem of a number of senior employees, who were not adequately qualified or developed, but had grown into senior positions. Earlier the touchstone was loyalty and hard work rather than impotence. In the light of this situation, new competent professionals had to be hired to introduce the changes. MIL was well-known for its aggressive personnel policies. Anyone who Joined the company had to struggle hard for his survival as the company was ruthless in sacking those who were not meeting the requirements. It was particularly so in case of the new appointees, which in turn necessitated them to be ruthless in their work The older employees felt threatened and resented the changes and the consequent pressures. Therefore, they collectively approached the Chairman and requested him to intervene and safeguard their interests. The Chairman, who was not himself happy with all the changes, issued instructions to the MD, to the effect that no old employee be dislocated. The new MD had no other option but to comply with the order. The MD was interested in trying out the HARD approaches to train all the employees, particularly employees who were turning out to be deadwood’s. He hired Mr.. Kumar in 1984 as a Training Manager. Mr.. Kumar was basically an engineer but had considerable experience with a multinational company in the field of HARD, particularly in Training and Management Development. He reorganized the training set up by inducting two Assistant Managers. Mr.. Taker was next to the Assistant Managers in the hierarchy ‘and reported to Mr.. Kumar directly and continued to manage the affairs related to apprenticeship training. Until Mr.. Kumar came along, Mr.. Taker had enjoyed the position of the head of the training division, though there was no other training activity apart from apprenticeship training. He was operating independently and was reporting directly to the MD. He continued to do so even after the organization have grown in proportion. Mr.. Taker felt demoted in the new set up. Fie lost his position and individuality in the organization, and his pride was seriously hurt. He was not prepared to accept Mr.. Kumar as his boss . And he started behaving in an irrational manner. He resented the vast gap created between him and the top man in the new structure. Mr.. Kumar tolerated him with the hope that Mr.. Taker would reconcile himself to the changes, in time. Unfortunately, he continued to behave in the same way and there was no improvement even after one year. When Mr.. Kumar tried to counsel him, Mr.. Taker demanded to be promoted to the level of Assistant Manager, as he happened to be the senior most people in the department. Kumar promised to look into his demand. On a careful analysis of the personal docket of Mr.. Taker and all the previous the Job that he was doing. Leave alone being entitled for further promotion, Mr.. Taker was not even fit for his present position. The company did not have a formal performance appraisal system. Its products were selling well, the profitability was good and accordingly all the employees were rewarded well. Promotions and extra increments were given arbitrarily based on the personal likes and dislikes of the top man, rather than on any objective analysis of performance or potential of an individual. No formal manpower planning or organizational planning existed. No efforts were made to forecast implications of such a system in future. On the whole, the company did not have any formal projection for the future. The company followed the practice of giving long service . Certificates and awards to all those who had completed 20 years of service in the company. Mr.. Taker had got his certificate only recently. There were several employees belonging to Mr.. Thacker’s category. All of them united and met both formally and informally to discuss their strategies and demands. They used to put up their grievances to the management collectively. They had established a very strong rapport with the Chairman, Mr.. Shah. Mr.. Kumar presented all the facts to Mr.. Taker to convince him that his promotion was not possible. As the latter was not used to the kind of logic presented by Mr.. Kumar, he dismissed all his arguments as sophisticated Jargon, irrelevant to the context of his company. He was particularly bitter about the fact that his promotion was turned down whereas there were several people with similar background who have got their promotions. Therefore, there was further deterioration in his behavior. He started ignoring the directions of Mr.. Kumar and worked as per his own whims and fancies, behaving arrogantly. He even went to the extent of challenging Mr.. Kumar that he could neither promote him nor demote him in the prevailing situation. So long as he was protected by the Chairman of the company, there was nothing for him to worry about and his Job was practically secure. Mr.. Kumar optimistically hoped that Mr.. Taker could overcome his frustration and anger over a period of time. Unfortunately, even after another six months there was no sign of any progress. In fact, the situation deteriorated further with Mr.. Taker becoming more confident in his belief that’ Mr.. Kumar was powerless to deal with him. He turned out to be a drag in the department, purposely creating problems for Mr.. Kumar. In MIL the annual increments and general raises were given as a policy to every employee who is termed as. The â€Å"Kanata raise† Mr.. Taker was quite sure that he would get his Kanata raise and reconciled himself to that. Mr.. Kumar tried to stop this raise but could not do so. There were several bullies belonging to Mr.. Thacker’s category in the organization and one of the tasks of the Training Manager was to handle such people. Though he had organized a few training workshops in the behavioral areas, it had not brought about the required attitudinal changes. Right under his nose he had a person whose behavior he was not able to amend. Mr.. Kumar realized that the desired changes were not possible, so long as the â€Å"flat security† was there. Due to a change in the governmental policy, there were several new competitors to MIL and the MD felt there was a strong need and urgency to bring in changes in the organization, to make it more dynamic and competitive. It was no longer possible to carry on the organizational dead woods. Mr.. Kumar was under great pressure to look How to cite Case Studies for Management, Essays

Research Proposal on Development Economics Essay Example

Research Proposal on Development Economics Essay Development economics is the branch of economics and practical discipline, which studies the principles of formation of the political and economical strategies of improvement of the quality of life in the counties which the low income. Economics studies the nature and the cause of mass poverty and learns the factors, tendencies and instruments which can improve the economic development. The main aim of the development economics is to defeat poverty and promote economic development in the third world countries. The problem of poverty has bothered people for centuries and the secret to wealth and development has not been known till the special investigations in this sphere. Unfortunately, the world is divided into the rich and the poor countries, whose economic development is too low to provide their people with the high level of life and satisfy all their needs. Various scholars have spent much time to find out the reasons which influence the economical development of a country and such investigations are concentrated in the discipline of development economics. The scholars analyze the level of life of different countries, study their economic potential, strong and weak sides in industry, agriculture, moral and material values, traditions and customs of people, etc. They pay attention to every factor, which can improve the life of people in the world and create special theories and models which are often put into practice. The main task of development economics is to create a universal instruction which can help the developing countries optimize management of the natural and human resources and reach the appropriate level of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Development Economics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Development Economics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Development Economics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The topic of development economics is extremely interesting and thought-provoking. Moreover, it offers a wide field of personal ideas, so a student should devote much time to the research of the topic and do his best to brainstorm the most effective ideas concerning the question of the developing countries and the methods or techniques which can solve their problems. One should persuade that the topic of development economics is worth investigation and prove it in the professional research proposal which contains the purpose, the prediction of the possible achieved results of the investigation, the methodology, the analysis of the problem and the literature review which proves that many sources have been used to work out the problem well. With the help of the Internet one can succeed in research proposal writing, so a student should read a free example research proposal on development economics in the web and pay attention to such aspects as the way of the analysis, formatting and structure of the paper. Generally, every free sample research proposal on development economics is prepared by an expert and can serve a reliable model for writing of your own effective paper. NOTE!!! All free sample research proposals and examples on Development Economics are 100% plagiarized, we are here to help you! EssayLib.com is a leading research proposal writing service, which can offer you the solution you have been looking for. With thousands of written research papers and proposals for Master’s and PhD degrees, we can give you exactly what you need at very affordable prices. Our experienced writers will prove you that high quality and exclusivity is a trademark of our products. We can guarantee your confidentiality and promise you strict on time delivery. There are many reasons for EssayLib.com to become your favorite research proposal writing service, but all we are asking you – just give us a try!

Terrorism and Torture Essays

Terrorism and Torture Essays Terrorism and Torture Essay Terrorism and Torture Essay Name: Course: Instructor: Date: Terrorism and Torture Arguments against: Torture is duress that rarely results to any valuable information. Torturing a terrorist suspect can nullify the suspect’s confession. Therefore, the evidence obtained cannot be used in court. It may result to false leads that may disrupt current investigations when the suspect gives up false information just too satisfy the interrogator. Continuous torture of a terrorist by an interrogator who is certain that the terrorist holds valuable information may lead to the terrorist’s death. This turns out to be a loss since the only person that could provide information is dead. It also slows down the investigation. Therefore, when an interrogator is certain that a suspect knows about a terrorist attack, it is advisable to use other techniques that do not cause severe pain or suffering whether physical or mental to the suspect. In some cases, valuable information received through torture is not used. This is because if anything was learned about the acquisition such informat ion, the parties involved in the torture could be answerable in court. This makes the information received not be of use or rather not believed. Torture also has a negative impact on the international perception. Few people will care about a country known to torture suspects when terror groups torture and killed their victims. Arguments for: In the outbreak of a national terrorist attack that is likely to end the lives of many people, it is unrealistic to assume that torturing a suspect to save the lives of many will be denying the person a right to life. A right of many people to life is more important than the right of one person. Torturing enables access of the valuable information fast. It may provide information about a future terrorist attack in time enabling the targeted country to prepare for an attack in time. Many people believe that terrorists should get extra punishment for the many lives they cause. Torture provides this additional punishment. When a terrorist refuses to disclose valuable information or all the information needed, torture is the only solution to grant this. A tortured suspect may provide the interrogators with information not asked. This kind of information is usually very useful. Torture is more humane compared to terrorism. My arguments: Killing is never right even in cases where the right outweighs the wrong. However, serious terrorism attack possibilities may call for torture. This will save the lives of many people who could die. Torture provides information fast. This is helpful especially in situations where a country is only aware of a possible terrorist attack but not the time it will take place. This will enable provision of the information before the attack. A terrorist does not hold any sympathy for the people and therefore sympathizing with him at the expense of many people’s lives will not be realistic. Conversely, torturing a terrorist may also provide wrong information or in some cases, no information at all. Therefore, other methods that do not constitute torturing can be used. Terrorists are responsible for thousands of lives. A mere torture to save peoples lives is nothing compared to the evil they do. Therefore, if extreme measures have to be taken in order to save innocent peoples lives, so be it.

How Honey Bees Survive the Winter Cold

How Honey Bees Survive the Winter Cold Most bees and wasps hibernate during the colder months. In many species, only the queen survives the winter, emerging in spring to reestablish a colony. But honey bees remain active all winter long, despite the freezing temperatures and lack of flowers on which to forage. Winter is when they reap the benefits of their hard work, by living off the honey theyve made and stored. Winter Is Why Bees Make Honey The honey bee colonys ability to survive the winter depends on their food stores. Keeping warm takes energy in the form of honey. If the colony runs short of honey, it will freeze to death before spring. The worker bees force the now useless drone bees from the hive, letting them starve. Its a harsh sentence, but one thats necessary for the colonys survival. Drones would eat too much of the precious honey, and put the hive in peril. Once sources of forage disappear, the honey bees settle in for the winter. As temperatures fall below 57 ° F, the workers hunker down near their cache of honey. The queen stops laying eggs in late fall and early winter, since food stores are limited and the workers must focus on insulating the colony. The Honey Bee Huddle The honey bee workers form a cluster around the queen and brood to keep  them warm. They keep their heads pointed inward. Bees on the inside of the cluster can feed on the stored honey. The outer layer of workers insulates their sisters inside the sphere of honey bees. As ambient temperatures rise, the bees on the outside of the group separate a bit, to allow more air flow. As temperatures fall, the cluster tightens, and the outer workers pull together. As the ambient temperature drops, the worker bees actively generate heat within the hive. First, they feed on honey for energy. Then, the honey bees shiver. They vibrate their flight muscles but keep their wings still, raising their body temperatures. With thousands of bees shivering constantly, the temperature at the center of the cluster will warm up considerably, to about 93 ° F! When the workers on the outer edge of the cluster get cold, they push to the center of the group, and other bees take a turn shielding the group from the winter weather. During warmer spells, the entire sphere of bees will move within the hive, positioning themselves around fresh honey stores. During long spells of extreme cold, the bees may be unable to move within the hive. If they run out of honey within the cluster, the bees can starve to death just inches from additional honey reserves. What Happens to the Bees When We Take Their Honey? An average colony of honey bees can produce 25 lbs. of honey during the foraging season. Thats 2-3 times more honey than they typically need to survive the winter. During a good foraging season, a healthy colony of honey bees can produce as much as 60 lbs. of honey. So the industrious worker bees make much more honey than the colony requires to survive the winter. Beekeepers harvest the surplus honey, but always make sure they leave a sufficient supply for the bees to sustain themselves through the winter months.

Nestle case study - Creating Shared Value in the Supply Chain

Nestle - Creating Shared Value in the Supply Chain - Case Study Example This paper outlines ways through which nestle creates shared value within the supply chain relating to the cocoa production. It also outlines the importance of applying corporate social responsibility principle in a business activity. The paper also outlines some of the key players in Nestle Cocoa supply chain and the factors that drive the Nestle supply chain. Finally, paper discusses the ways Nestle creates value and the challenges that come with that process. The Nestle Cocoa Plan Nestle has implemented this through creating greater values for the societies. This includes improvements of water, nutrition and rural development. The supply chain activity that is specified includes transforming the raw materials and other natural resources into finished goods consumed by the end consumers. The processes involved are linked to consumers, human rights and labor practices, employees, suppliers and customers and the environment. The consumers are the larger group that consumes the produc ts manufactured by Nestle. Every stage in the supply chain process adds value to the end product (Nestle Case Study). The major key players in this supply chain are farmers, cooperatives, processors or manufacturers, retailers and consumers. The cocoa farmers are tasked with the job of growing the crops that produce cocoa. The cooperatives represent the institutions that manage the sale of the crops by the farmers. They act like unions of farmers who form them to control the market for the crops. Nestle fall under the stage of manufacturers or processors. These are tasked with the production of products which are the end products from the raw materials. Nestle for instance manufactures chocolate and their equivalent from these raw materials. The retailers represent those channels that receive orders from nestle. These channels distribute the products to the end users or rather the consumers. The consumers, who are the last players in the supply chain represents the individuals who p urchase the end products (Nestle Case Study). The chart above represents the process of activities that are involved in the supply chain of the Cocoa plan. In order to coordinate the raw materials that Nestle uses to manufacture the end products, it has to coordinate the way farmers are handled in terms of the market and wages (Nestle Case Study). Factors Driving the Cocoa Supply Chain Shared value that is created by Nestle is based on a number of factors that majorly can be categorized under the corporate social responsibility. Nestle carries out its business based on the international laws and codes that define the conduct and the company business principles, as well as, compliance to environment sustainability regulations. The company, however, under the creating shared platform came up with other factors that would drive the supply chain. The principles that are set by international organizations such as the United Nations help in guiding the company in its value creation in the supply chain through its approach in the corporate social responsibility. An example of this according to the Nestle case study is the principles that incorporate the UN Global Principles. This relates to the Human rights, labor, corruption and environment (Nestle Case Study). The company, for instance, has helped the farmers to eliminate

Make sure I'm an international student. I need this essay no longer

Make sure I'm an international student. I need this no longer than 250 wordsi need this as basic as you can and no need for advanced word - Essay Example Articles are characterized by political themes in earlier stages than in my country. For example, an assignment once asked students aged 18 to give views policy-making in America. In my country, the topics generally involve academic tours. Unlike America, cultural values are the key themes in my country. English 1301 aimed at developing essay writing. Emphasis was on argumentation and critical analysis. It was for both academic and personal purposes. For example, an assignment was once designed to test unity and logic of sentences. The pattern of sentences and choice of words was a key point. Summarization and paraphrasing will challenge me in English 1302. This is because I am not confident with my research skills from English 1301. Further, English 1302 is a progression of English 1301 (McWhorter and Aaron 4). I will need more instruction on critical and analytical reading from my professor to be able to pick key points. From my class, I need patience from study

What is Knowledge? Philosophy Essay

What is Knowledge? Philosophy Essay What is truth? What is knowledge? These seemingly simple questions lie at the heart of philosophys oldest debates. They have generated numerous theories, revealed issues of perception, cognition and certainty and they occupy philosophers today just as they did thousands of years ago: While our records on the topic go back as far as half a millennium B.C., important works on truth have been published as recently as 2009 (by Michael Lynch, on pluralism see David [2009]). The first part of this essay covers the topics of beliefs and truth and puts an emphasis on a defense of a correspondentist conception of truth, while the second part moves on to a discussion of knowledge based the thesis that knowledge is objective, and can be defined as justified true belief based on sufficient evidence. This paper is thus an argumentative paper, striving to defend the opinion of the author by engaging in a philosophical discussion. I. Truth Truth is a concept that, as established above, has numerous theories that established their own definitions and criteria to determine whether a truthbearer a statement, claim, belief etc. that can be true or false is indeed true. I will here focus on neo-classical theories of truth, as they attempt to address the question of what truth is most directly, and since they still serve as a foundation of much of the more recent debates on truth. I will thus leave aside theories such as Pluralism, Deflationism, and numerous other theories, while my focus lies on Correspondent, Pragmatic and Coherence theories of truth. The Correspondent Theory of Truth sees the nature of truth in its correspondence to reality. A statement is considered true if it describes the way things actually are (Russell, 1956). [EXAMPLE]. It is usually considered to presume some sort of realist framework that holds that there is such a thing as a reality outside of our minds, and that we are able to find some sort of relationship to that reality so that we can verify whether a claim is true or not. However, Kirkham (1992) holds that it would also be possible for correspondent theories to break with realism, for example by referring to facts of a world that exists rather in the mind of some superior entity rather than reality. For the sake of simplicity I will here assume correspondentist theories to adhere to ontological realism. The correspondent theory of truth has two prominent competitors and epistemic theories of truth, which I shall now illuminate. First; the coherence theory of truth defines the nature of truth as coherence of a belief to a set or system of established beliefs. This includes the possibility for a truth to become apparent if it is merely entailed by an established belief in the system. Thus, the system of established beliefs is not only a tool to verify the truth of a belief it is the source of the truth. (Glanzberg, 2006). Coherentism rejects the idea that we can access reality to verify our beliefs it is hence related to idealism. Idealists maintain that experience essentially originates in mental activity. Thus, the notion that a set of beliefs describes the world as it is comes naturally to idealists (Glanzberg). [EXAMPLE] Second; the pragmatist theory of truth proposes that whether a belief is true or not depends on the outcome of actions guided by that belief. Truth is thus determined by its practical value (Glanzberg, 2006). Even though the pragmatist theory of truth deserves a richer account, I will not engage with it much further for the sake of conciseness and because it falls prey to two important accusations. On the one hand, a false belief can also turn out to be true based on luck or different causational relationships than assumed. On the other hand, pragmatism does not allow us to make predictions of the future, since it reduces the definition of truth to beliefs of the past that have been confirmed by their outcome. The usefulness of a pragmatist account of truth is thus limited, both for philosophical study as well as the general scientific enquiry to generate truth. II. Belief and Knowledge The word belief in everyday language refers to a claim that we are certain of in varying degrees, that we have evidence for in varying degrees and that may or may not be true. We speak of belief when a young child strongly believes in Sinterklaas, just as we speak of belief when a person vaguely believes that she will receive a fine when parking her car in central Maastricht without a parking ticket. While both cases have varying certainty and varying likeliness to be true, we do not explicitly distinguish to what extent the belief is certain, backed by evidence or whether it is actually true. In philosophy it is specified what kind of belief is referred to. Further, a claim is only called a belief when its holder is certain of it; this means that hope and faith can be excluded from this definition of belief (Creel, 2001). Hereinafter I shall elaborate on three different kinds of belief and how they relate to knowledge in the realist framework. First, a belief based on evidence is closer to being knowledge than a belief without evidence. However, there are many beliefs that are false, despite being backed by some evidence. Surely the child believing in Sinterklaas has some evidence, such as having seen an actor dressed in the Sinterklaas costume, yet her belief is false. Second, let us assume the belief is true and backed by evidence. It can constitute knowledge, but the evidence on which it is based could too weak to conclude that true, evidence based beliefs are knowledge (Creel). Third, the evidence criterion is specified to exclude the possibility of weak evidence the evidence needs to be so strong, that the belief is justified. Is then a belief knowledge, when it can be said to be justified and true? This is where opinions diverge. Creel states that according to the justification theory of knowledge, the justification of a claim needs to be conclusive to be called knowledge. Steup (2006) claims that for a long time a justified true belief (JTB) has been the standard account of knowledge. Both are closely related, and both have been challenged 1963 by Edmund Gettier.

“Poem” and “About this person” by Simon Armitage Essay

Two of Simon Armitage’s poems, ‘Poem’ and ‘About His Person’ are written about someone who has, for unspecified reasons, passed away or gone. One is in the style of a eulogy and looks back on the life of its persona, presenting contrasting views of it, while the other examines the articles found on a man after his death. Both give the readers some impression of the personas, but are somewhat ambiguous, inviting us to form our own mental pictures of the people and judge them for ourselves. The man in ‘Poem’ seems to have a split personality. Each of the first three stanzas is made up of four lines – the first three dealing with good things he did and the fourth mentioning a drawback, something bad. For example the third and fourth lines of the first stanza read, ‘And he always tucked his daughter up at night And slippered her the one time that she lied.’ Although there are more good than bad things mentioned, the bad is cleverly positioned at the end of the line and this seems to make it overshadow and even cancel out all of the positive actions mentioned. In the context of a eulogy the three positive lines could be what is being said with the last line representing the thoughts of those present at the funeral. Simon Armitage does not conclude on the life of this man, but finishes the poem with: ‘Here’s how they rated him when they lookef back; Sometimes he did this, sometimes he did that.’ This lack of conclusion and the continual juxtaposition of contrasting views of the man’s life do not form a judgement of him, but ask us, the readers, how it is possible to judge someone when he or she is gone. We form an impression of a man who seems dutiful (from his actions such as ‘for his mum he hired a private nurse), yet hot-tempered and domineering (such as ‘And once, for laughing, he punched her [his wife] in the face’), Armitage ends it with such ambiguity that we are forced to reconsider our judgements and  are left with only a vague impression of him. ‘About His Person’ presents its persona via his personal possessions only, which also makes it difficult to draw up an impression of him. However there are hints given about his life, such as ‘crowning one finger / a ring of white unweathered skin’ which suggests he may once have been married but died separated and lonely. It is also suggested by Armitage, however indirectly, that Armitage committed suicide, such as from ‘A final demand / in his own hand’. The poem contains metaphors for death – the library card ‘on its date of expiry’ and the watch, ‘stopped’. These suggest the pre planning of his death. Everything has a double meaning about the man’s life, which is an unusual but effective way of conveying information. From these pointers towards aspects of the persona’s life it is automatic for the readers to create an image of him. However so little information is given that the picture I see in my mind of an elderly widower with no next-of-kin deciding that he is tired of life is undoubtedly quite different to the picture drawn up by another reader. This is a difference between this poem and ‘Poem’ as we have even less of an idea about the dead man’s personality and even less basis on which to judge him. Yet the fact that we do is exactly what Simon Armitage is trying to illustrate – that human nature is to draw up impressions of people from almost no basis. Both of these poems are written from a detached, impersonal view which adds to their effect. This shows that the impressions created are from an uninvolved unbiased individual and that the people described could be anyone – even relatives of the reader. In conclusion, neither poem presents a detailed impression of the man who has departed this life. However through the ambiguous double-meanings, impersonal approach and cleverly thought-out structure they invite the readers to do the impression creation and so ask how we have done this and how we have managed to judge someone who is known to us only through a few lines of poetry.

Mrs. Megan Mayer And Her Kindergarten Class At Roosevelt...

On Tuesday, May 24, 2016 I observed Mrs. Megan Mayer and her kindergarten class at Roosevelt Elementary School. When I got to her class, they were preparing themselves to go to the school garden and learn about fruits, and planting. For this activity they partnered up with another kindergarten class right next door. With the two classes we all walked outside to the back of the playground where Roosevelt has a miniature garden. Between both of the classes there were three groups, A, B, and C as well as three sections of the garden activity. One group would sit down with the other kindergarten teacher Mrs. Peterson and they would draw what they had learned in class previously, another group would go with a different teacher who worked at the†¦show more content†¦She told me about her classroom rules which are mutual respect, attentive listening and appreciations no put downs. She spent the first three weeks of school going over these three rules and afterwards she had each stu dent write their name on colored paper which is their contract, their signature on that paper means they will follow those rules throughout the year. She has another rule in her classroom called â€Å"Kelso’s Choices†. Kelso’s Choices are nine different choices they can make on how to solve their problems in class. When the students come to an issue they have to choose two of the choices on the poster before going to the teacher. Some of the choices on there include, walking away, talking it out, apologizing, telling them to stop, etc. I really liked the idea of Kelso’s Choices because it teaches them problem solving as well as social skills. Instead of being unfair or going to the teacher they have the opportunity to solve the issues and be fair towards each other. After recess it was the children’s â€Å"Planned review time† which is where they all spread throughout the classroom and explore in the classroom and play with toys they like and play with their friends. This is where the kids learn and practice their social skills, practice being kind to one another,

Evaluation Of A Interview, A Friend From Sinus Infection,...

For this video assignment, I interviewed C, a close friend from RIC. During this time, I was suffering from a sinus infection, seasonal allergies, and asthma, so at about 5 minutes into the interview, I had a severe coughing attack and did not feel like it was necessary to include this in the actual footage. Therefore, I paused the video, just like I would pause the session in real life, and started up again as soon I as I recovered. When I first asked her if she would like to help me with this assignment, she knew what problem she would like to discuss right away. I knew this would be helpful in the context of this project, but in real life, clients may not be this open to revealing this information about themselves or could have too many issues to know what to focus their attention on. C’s difficulties with aggression, competiveness, and stress could certainly not be solved within a 13-minute interview, but I hope this session also benefited her and she could work on various ways to deal with the pressure that she faces. Obviously, the set up for the interview was non-traditional, as I do not have office space to work out of and we are only students. Therefore, this was conducted in her small dorm room, which I believe did take away some of the authenticity of the session. In a simulated interview with a camera placed on me, I was aware that this was an artificial environment and there were bound to be more nerves and pressure here than what I will typically find out inShow MoreRelatedNursing Care Plan Essay10501 Words   |  43 Pagescheerful. Bowel sounds present x 4. Pt. has a red area on his coccyx. Silvadene treatments have been started. Pt. Has a fungal lung infection with a pleural suction drainage tube inserted in his chest . Pt is extremely thin with poor skin turgor with a diagnosis of cachexia ( wasting) secondary to malnutrition and infection. Patient is no known allergies to drugs but is allergic to aerosol sprays disinfectants an d dust.. Advanced directives on chart. Code status DNR. Primary physician DrRead MoreNursing Case Study (H-Mole)6781 Words   |  28 Pagesfemale reproductive system consists of internal organs and external organs. The internal organs are located in the pelvic cavity and are supported by the pelvic floor. The external organs are located from the lower margin of the pubis to the perineum. The appearance of the external genitals varies greatly from woman to woman, since age, heredity, race, and the number of children a woman has borne determines the size, shapes, and color. The Uterus A hallow organ about the size and shape of a pear. ItRead MoreMedical Test with Answers Essay example16933 Words   |  68 PagesLyme disease known as erythema migrans, a skin lesion that slowly expands to form a large round lesion with a bright red border and clear center (B) at the site of the tick bite. A tick should be removed with tweezers by pulling straight from its insertion away from the skin, and not compressing its body or covering it with oil (A). Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick, and antiviral agents (D) are ineffective. SymptomsRead MoreComprehensive 1 Essay18452 Words   |  74 PagesLyme disease known as erythema migrans, a skin lesion that slowly expands to form a large round lesion with a bright red border and clear center (B) at the site of the tick bite. A tick should be removed with tweezers by pulling straight from its insertion away from the skin, and not compressing its body or covering it with oil (A). Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick, and antiviral agents (D) are ineffective. SymptomsRead MoreCase Study Essay33967 Words   |  136 PagesEmergency department, hospital Index Words: heart failure (HF), cardiomyopathy, volume overload, quality of life X Scenario M.G., a â€Å"frequent flier,† is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF). She was discharged from the hospital 10 days ago and comes in today stating, â€Å"I just had to come to the hospital today because I cant catch my breath and my legs are as big as tree trunks.† After further questioning, you learn she is strictly following the fluid and salt